Carboxyl-Functionalized Perovskite Enables ALD Growth of a Compact and Uniform Ion Migration Barrier

5-AVAI carboxyl groups on the perovskite surface act as ALD nucleation templates, enabling compact Al₂O₃ growth at 100 °C and a 10× reduction in halide migration into the C₆₀ ETL, with 1.78 eV cells retaining 90% PCE after 1000 h of continuous operation at 55 °C.

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Recommended citation: Choi, D.; Shin, D.; Li, C.; Liu, Y.; Bati, A. S. R.; Kachman, D. E.; Yang, Y.; Li, J.; Lee, Y. J.; Li, M.; Penukula, S.; Kim, D. B.; Shin, H.; Chen, C.-H.; Park, S. M.; Liu, C.; Maxwell, A.; Wan, H.; Rolston, N.; Sargent, E. H.^*; Chen, B.^* Carboxyl-Functionalized Perovskite Enables ALD Growth of a Compact and Uniform Ion Migration Barrier. Joule 2025, 9 (3), 101801.
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